Erbium (Er) yerekana ikirahuri cya fosifateYerekana ibintu byinshi byingirakamaro, byatumye habaho kwiyongera mumyaka yashize kuri Er: ibirahuri byikirahure kubisabwa nkamugari cyane nka laser rangefinding, itumanaho rirerire, dermatology, hamwe na laser-iterwa no gusenyuka spekitroscopi (LIBS).Amashanyarazi ya Erbium ituma itumanaho ryihuta kwisi yose mumurongo wa transpacific hagati ya Hong Kong na Los Angeles, Er: ibirahuri bya laser laser bigenda bikoreshwa cyane murigusaba kwirwanaho no gushakisha, naEr: ibirahuri byuburangabarimo gukururagukuraho inkovundetse ndetsekuvura umusatsibiterwa na alogeneya ya androgeneque.
Imyanya ikura yimyanya isaba ikirahure cya laser ikirahure gisaba kwihanganira ibipimo hamwe nimbaraga za laser nyinshi.Kwihanganirana gukomeye biha abahuza sisitemu ikizere ko ibice bishobora gushyirwa muburyo bworoshye muri sisitemu zabo nta guhuza igihe, ariko ibi bisobanuro bitanga ikibazo kubakora ibirahuri bya laser.Kugenzura inzira no kwibanda kuri metrologiya birakenewe kubakora ibirahuri bya laser kugirango bakore ibice bisabwa bikenewe kugirango ikure rya NIR laser optique ikure.
KUKI ERBIUM YAKORESHEJWE?
Mu myaka mirongo iheze, iterambere ryinshi ryaratewe imbere muburyo bwa tekinoroji ya laser ya fosifate mubijanye no kongera ingufu ziva mumasoko, igihe gito cya pulse, kugabanya sisitemu, hamwe nuburebure bushya bwo gukora.Er.Uburebure bwumurongo bungukirwa no kwanduza cyane binyuze mu kirere.1540nm nayo ihura cyane na melanin, bigatuma Er: ibirahuri byikirahure byiza kubikoresho bya laser nziza kubarwayi bafite ibara ryijimye.
Igicapo 1. Ingufu za erbium.Er: lazeri yikirahuri isanzwe ipompa hamwe na lazeri 800nm cyangwa 980nm hanyuma ikohereza kuri 1540nm cyangwa 1570nm.
Ikirahuri cya fosifeti kigera ku cyerekezo kinini kandi gishobora gukopororwa na atome zidasanzwe ku isi nka erbium na ytterbium ku buryo ishobora kugera ku ihindagurika ry’abaturage no gutinda iyo ihuye n’uburebure bwa pompe ya 800nm cyangwa 980nm (Ishusho 1).Er.Ibirahuri bya fosifati kandi byungukirwa no gutuza kwa chimique hamwe no kwangirika kwinshi kwatewe na LIDTs, bigatuma Er: ikirahuri hamwe nibindi birahure bya fosifate ibirahuri byiza abakandida ba NIR laser bunguka itangazamakuru.
Ibirahuri bya fosifate bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gukonjesha ion zidasanzwe kurusha ibirahuri bya silikatike, bigaragaza imiterere ya matrix ikomeye.Nyamara, biranga umurongo mugari kuruta ibirahuri bya silikatike kandi ni hygroscopique nkeya, bivuze ko bikurura ubuhehere bwinshi buturuka mu kirere.Kubwibyo, bagarukira kubisabwa muburyo bwagutse hamwe na sisitemu aho bizarindwa bihagije kubushuhe hamwe nububiko cyangwa ubundi buryo bwa optique.
TOLERANCES ZIKURIKIRA N'IGIKURIKIRA
Byinshi mubisabwa byaganiriweho mbere, cyane cyane lazeri yerekana uburyo bwo kwirwanaho, akenshi bisaba Er: ibice byibirahure hamwe no kwihanganira cyane.Ibi bisate bisizwe neza byikirahure cya laser birashobora noneho kumanikwa mumateraniro hamwe na bike ntagihuza gisabwa.Barashobora kumanuka kugeza mubunini bwa simukadi ya SIM kandi akenshi ntibagaragaza bevel kuko ari nto cyane (Ishusho 2).Ibi bituma impande zipfa gushoboka.Kugera kubintu bisa neza hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso kuri ibi bice bito birashobora kuba ingorabahizi bidasanzwe.Ubusobanuro busobanutse, cyangwa igice cyubuso bwa optique bugomba kuba bwujuje ibyasobanuwe byose, akenshi ni hafi 100%, hasigara bike kugeza ntakibanza cyamakosa azengurutse impande za optique.
Igishushanyo 2. Er: ibisate byibirahure bikoreshwa mugukoresha laser hamwe nubundi buryo bwa NIR laser bukunze kuba bingana na simukadi isanzwe cyangwa ntoya.
None se kuki unyura muri ibyo bibazo byose?Ibisubizo byabanje byakunze kubamo ibice binini bya kristaliste bifatanye na Nd: YAG bar.Ibi bice byinyongera bishobora gushiramo amasahani ya Brewster, ibyuma byuzuza ibintu byoroshye Q-guhinduranya, cyangwa kristu yo guhinduranya inshuro.Guhindura inshuro nyinshi kristaliste ningirakamaro murwego rwoherejwe cyangwa mubindi bikorwa byo mu kirere kuko uburebure bw’imyuka ya neodymium ishobora guteza akaga cyane kuruta erbium kandi igomba kwimurirwa mu burebure burebure mbere yuko ishobora kwanduzwa neza mu ntera ndende.
Porogaramu ya Rangefinder ikunze kugira ihungabana no kunyeganyega bisabwa, bigatuma guhuza ibice byinshi hamwe mugihe byujuje ibisobanuro byose bigoye.Kwimuka uva mubishushanyo bishaje ukagera kumurongo umwe, usize Er: ikirahure gisohoza imirimo imwe hamwe na coatings zitandukanye byagabanije ingano ya sisitemu nigiciro.Kirisiti ya YAG ikoreshwa kenshi kuruhande rwa Brewster, ariko ingaruka imwe irashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje ibifuniko.Kubera ko Er: ibisate by'ibirahure bigomba gutwikirwa uko byagenda kose, nibyiza kongeramo ubu bwoko bwo gutwikira kugirango bipakire mubikorwa byinshi bishoboka kandi uzigame ibiciro ahandi.
Kuberako ibirahuri bya fosifate ari hygroscopique nkeya, niba bidafunze Er: ikirahuri gisigara hanze muminsi myinshi gishobora kwangirika.Ubwiza bwubuso bugomba kugenzurwa mbere yo gutwikira kugirango wirinde ko amazi yinjira mu kirahure.Ibitambaro byashyizwe hejuru yubuso bwibirahure byanyuma bifasha kubarinda kwangirika.
Ibisobanuro rusange kuri bito, bihanitse cyane Er: ibisate byibirahure ni <5 arcmin perpendicularity kumpande, <10 arcsec ya perpendicularity kumpera, hamwe nuburinganire bwubuso bwiza kuruta gucukura 10-5.Ibi bisabwa bisaba ibidukikije bisukuye, inzira igenzurwa cyane, nigihe gito cyo gukoraho.
Ikirahuri cya Laser mubisanzwe gifite ubuso bubiri gusa ku mpera mugihe ahasigaye hejuru yubutaka, ariko zimwe muruhande rwibi Er: ibisate byibirahure nabyo birasizwe kandi byihanganirwa cyane kugirango byoroshe guhuza.Guhitamo impande zo gukaraba no kwambara ikoti mbere, impande zohanagura mbere cyangwa nyuma yo gushushanya, nigihe cyo gukoresha uruhande rumwe cyangwa impande ebyiri zose zerekana igiciro numusaruro.Itandukaniro ryumusaruro hagati yuburyo butamenyeshejwe hamwe ninzira yatunganijwe nuwayikoze inararibonye irashobora kuba nini nkibintu bitatu.
Kugirango ugabanye igihe cyo gukoraho no kunoza umusaruro, nibyiza ko inganda zose hamwe nigitambaro bikorerwa ahantu hamwe.Igihe cyose igice cyarangiye igice cyoherejwe ahantu hatandukanye amahirwe yo kwandura no kwangirika ariyongera cyane, hamwe nigihe cyumurongo.
INGINGO ZIKURIKIRA
Imwe mu mbogamizi hamwe no gukora Er ntoya: ibisate byibirahure kugirango bigaragare hamwe nibindi bisobanuro bya NIR ni uko impuzu nyinshi zishirwa mubice bitandukanye bigize ibice.Ibi biragoye kuberako ibyangombwa bisabwa hamwe no kurinda ubuso butagaragara mbere yo gutwikira.Ni ingorabahizi kandi kubakora ibicuruzwa birinda amafaranga menshi cyangwa guhanishwa kuruhande rwinyuma, bigomba kurindwa mugihe cyo gutwikira.Impera ziranga anti-reflive (AR) zifatanije hamwe n’ibyangiritse byinshi byangiritse (LIDTs).Impande nazo zirimo LIDT AR yuzuye kugirango ureke mumashanyarazi.Imbaraga za pompe zihora zisumba izisohoka.Ibyapa bimwe byimpande enye ndetse bifite ibifuniko byongeweho byubatswe mu ndorerwamo ndende-yerekana indorerwamo, ivangura rirerire, hamwe no kwanga urumuri.
METROLOGIYA: NIBA UTASHOBORA Gupima NTIBISHOBORA KUBIKORA
Gukora neza no kugenzura inzira ntacyo bimaze nta metero ikwiye ikenewe kugirango ipime neza kandi igenzure neza ibyingenzi.Laser interferometero, nka ZYGO Verifier, ikoreshwa kenshi mugupima uburinganire, ariko iyo upimye Er: ntoya yerekana ibirahuri hejuru yinyuma itangira kubangamira ibipimo byubuso bwimbere kubera ibisobanuro bisabwa bisa.Abakoresha barashobora kuzenguruka ibi bakoresheje Vaseline cyangwa ikindi kintu hejuru yinyuma, ariko ubu buso noneho bugomba gusubirwamo kandi birashoboka ko ibyangiritse byiyongera.Nyamara, iterambere rya vuba mugupima uburinganire rikuraho ingaruka ziva hejuru yinyuma kandi zemerera gupima uburinganire gukorwa vuba kandi bidashoboka ko byangirika.Chip kumpande zicyapa zirashobora kubuza abashoramari gupima neza uburinganire, ibyo bigatuma igenzura ryibikorwa mugihe cyo gukora ningirakamaro.Perpendicularity na wedge mubisanzwe bigenzurwa ukoresheje pass pass autocollimator.
Umwanya ukura kuri porogaramu ya Er: ibirahuri bizakomeza gusunika ibikoresho bya optique kugirango bikore ibirahure binini kandi bisobanutse neza.1540nm na 1570nm ijisho-ryiza rya lazeri bifasha gukoresha gukoresha umutekano, kongera icyizere binyuze muburyo bwiza bwa laser, no kunoza itumanaho rirerire.Inama nziza iboneka nuko mugihe utezimbere sisitemu ya NIR;muganire kubikorwa byihariye bikenewe hamwe nuwaguhaye ibikoresho kugirango akuyobore muguhitamo neza guhitamo ikirahure cya laser nibindi bikoresho.
Iyi ngingo yanditswe na Cory Boone, Umuyobozi ushinzwe kwamamaza mu buhanga mu bya tekinike, Edmund Optics (Barrington, NJ) na Mike Middleton, ushinzwe ibikorwa, Edmund Optics Florida (Oldsmar, FL).
Ibisobanuro byinshi byibicuruzwa, urashobora kuza gusura urubuga rwacu:
https://www.erbiumtechnology.com/
E-imeri:devin@erbiumtechnology.com
WhatsApp: + 86-18113047438
Fax: + 86-2887897578
Ongeraho: No.23, umuhanda wa Chaoyang, umuhanda wa Xihe, Longquanyi distrcit, Chengdu, 610107, Ubushinwa.
Igihe cyo Kuvugurura: Apr-01-2022
