Mugihe intambara igenda itamenyekana, abasivili nabandi batari abarwanyi bahinduka umubare munini wabantu bahitanwa n’ibyangiritse bitateganijwe.Birumvikana ko igisirikare cyizeye kwirinda ubwo bwoko bw’abantu bahitanwa n’irimbuka.Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rituma hasobanurwa neza intwaro zabo, bakeneye kandi kwerekana neza no kwerekana ubushobozi, mugihe bisigaye byihishe.Kunoza tekinoroji igamije kwemerera gutahura no kumenyekana intera ndende ihagaze kubashushanya nayo irakenewe.Kurugero, laseri ninziza muburyo bwo kwerekana neza, ariko ni ngombwa ko abandi babasha gushushanya rwihishwa nabo.
Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo byibasiwe bikemuke, igisirikare cyohereje lazeri zibemerera kutagena gusa intego aho amasasu agomba kurasa, ariko no gukoresha izo laseri imwe kugirango bapime intera igana, bamurikire agace kegeranye, cyangwa bereke abandi ikintu y'inyungu.Kwiyumvisha aho laseri yerekeza, gukurikirana intego zigenda, no kugabanya ibyangiritse byingwate bisaba sisitemu yo gufata amashusho ibona laseri ikora ikoreshwa mumurima.Icyumba-ubushyuhe indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) kamera iha abayikoresha ubwo bushobozi kumanywa cyangwa nijoro.
Amasasu menshi ayobowe na laser ayobowe na laseri ifite uburebure bwa 1.06 mm.Izi lazeri zirakomeye cyane kandi zirashobora gukoreshwa mukwerekana ibintu mubirometero byinshi.Intera igarukira ahanini kuburyo uyikoresha ashobora kubona neza icyo agena.Ibi birimo lazeri, intego, nibintu bikikije intego.Kugeza ubu, sisitemu nyinshi zikoresha indimu ya antimonide (InSb) yerekana ishusho yikibanza.Sisitemu ya InSb yoroheje kugirango yemere igisubizo kumurambararo wa 1.0 mkm ya lazeri, ikaba iri munsi yikigereranyo gisanzwe cya InSb (hagati ya 3 na 5 mm).Urwo rutonde rukoreshwa mubikorwa byingenzi nkurwego rwo hagati rwumuriro wa IR.
Kamera ya InSb ituma lazeri ya infragre igaragara kandi igatanga ubumenyi bwimiterere hafi ya laser kubera imyuka yubushyuhe bwaho.Ikibi cyiyi sisitemu nuko detector ikenera gukonja cyane (kugeza kuri 77K) kandi ibyiyumvo byabo kuri laseri 1.06-μm ni bibi, kubera 70% nubushyuhe bwicyumba.Bashoboza gufata amashusho ya laser kumwanya munini uhagaze hamwe na sisitemu yoroshye.
FIGURE1
Lazeri ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa mu kuyobora amasasu ku ntego zabo, ariko kandi irashobora guha umurwanyi amakuru ku ntego ndetse n’ibidukikije.Abashakisha urutonde rwa Laser bemerera umukoresha kumenya intera igana.Izi lazeri ubu zikoresha uburebure bwa 1.5-μm.Ubu burebure bufatwa nk '“umutekano-w'amaso” kubera ko imbaraga zitibanda kuri retina y'ijisho, kandi imbaraga za optique zikenewe mu guhuma umuntu wakubiswe na laser ni ndende cyane.Izi lazeri ntiziboneka nijoro zo kureba (NVGs) kimwe nijisho, bityo bikabihisha neza.Akarusho nuko intego itazi ko irangwa na laser;ikibi nuko umurwanyi nawe agira ikibazo cyo kumenya niba agamije neza intego.Kubera ko InGaAs nayo yunvikana cyane kuri lazeri itagira ijisho, kamera ya SWIR yerekana amashusho ya InGaAs kamera kugirango abarwanyi bashobore kugenzura ko sisitemu yibasiwe ikiri kurebwa neza, kabone niyo sisitemu yaba yarakubiswe mumurima.
Lazeri ikunze kugaragara ku rugamba ni imwe ifatanye n'imbunda y'umusirikare, kandi ubusanzwe ikoresha uburebure bwa 850 nm.Iyerekana rya laser rikoreshwa nabasirikare kugirango berekane intego zabo, ndetse no gufasha mugutera imbunda zabo nijoro iyo bambaye NVG.Izi lazeri ntiziboneka kubantu, ariko zigaragara kuri goggles.Lazeri yimbunda ntabwo irinda ijisho kandi irashobora kumenyekana ukoresheje ubundi bwoko bwa tekinoroji ya detector, ishaje nishya.Ikibazo gikomeye nuko mugihe umurwanyi akeneye NVG nziza kugirango abone kure kandi mugihe cyijimye nijoro, umwanzi ashobora kubona byoroshye lazeri akoresheje tekinoroji ya goggle ya kera kandi ihendutse.Abashushanya muri InGaAs bafite inyungu zinyuranye zo guhuza inyuma, kuko bashushanya lazeri zishaje zikoreshwa na NVGs, wongeyeho barashobora gushushanya "umutekano-w'amaso" hamwe na sisitemu yo mu gisekuru kizaza.
Kamera imwe ya SWIR yakozwe byumwihariko kubikorwa bya Soldier Mobility na Rifle Targeting Sisitemu, KTX Kamera ya SUI igaragaramo sensibilité nyinshi murwego rwa 900 kugeza 1700 nm yumurambararo kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byerekana amashusho make-yoroheje, harimo na laser gutahura.Hamwe nimbaraga nini yerekana amashusho yerekana urumuri rwinshi kugirango yerekane izuba, imashusho ya SWIR ninziza yo kugenzura rwihishwa kandi irashobora kwinjizwa byoroshye muri UAV, ibinyabiziga bitagira abapilote, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bya robo cyangwa intoki aho ubunini nuburemere ari ngombwa.
Muri sisitemu izakurikiraho yerekana amashusho, laseri ntizerekana gusa intera yintego, ni ukuvuga abashakisha urutonde rwa laser, ariko izemerera amashusho maremare binyuze mu gihu cyijimye, igihu, n ivumbi.LADAR hamwe nu mashusho yerekana amashusho ukoreshe laser kugirango umurikire intego intera ndende.Intera ndende ihagarara ituma umurwanyi amenya intego ndende murwego urwo arirwo rwose ndetse no mu gihu n'umwotsi.
Sisitemu nyinshi ubu zirimo gutezwa imbere zikoresha lazeri 1.5-μm kubera impamvu z'umutekano w'amaso kandi kubera ko nazo zihishe ikoranabuhanga rya NVG rigezweho, ryagwiriye mu biganza by'abanzi.Byinshi muribi bisekuruza bizaza bitezwa imbere hamwe nubushyuhe bwicyumba InGaAs kugirango ibungabunge uburemere, imbaraga, nubunini kuri sisitemu.Iterambere rihuza hamwe-cyane-sensibilité yibiranga inGaAs-SWIR, itanga imikorere inoze hamwe nibihe byiza kubakoresha ba nyuma hamwe ninzirakarengane.
Iyi ngingo yanditswe na Dr. Martin H. Ettenberg, Umuyobozi, Ibicuruzwa byerekana amashusho, na Doug Malchow, Umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubucuruzi muri SUI (Sensors Unlimited, Inc.), igice cya Goodrich Corporation, Princeton, NJ.
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Igihe cyo Kuvugurura: Apr-01-2022
